How to Get the Contents of an Spfile on ASM when ASM/GRID is down

在11g中asm的spfile文件是存放在asm中的,如果asm不能正常启动是否可以获得其spfile信息.这里通过gpnptool来获得spfile文件信息,给大家提供了在11gr2的rac是怎么利用asm 中的spfile启动asm的思路
asm　spfile信息

[grid@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Dec 21 01:41:31 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/pfile' from spfile;

File created.

SQL> !more /tmp/pfile 
+ASM1.__oracle_base='/u01/app/gridbase'#ORACLE_BASE set from in memory value
+ASM2.asm_diskgroups='XIFENFEI'#Manual Mount
+ASM1.asm_diskgroups='XIFENFEI'#Manual Mount
*.asm_diskstring='/dev/oracleasm/disks/*'
*.asm_power_limit=1
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/gridbase'
*.instance_type='asm'
*.large_pool_size=12M
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

关闭集群(asm已关闭)

[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl stop crs 
[root@rac1 ~]# ps -ef|grep pmon
root      8768  6372  0 02:53 pts/1    00:00:00 grep pmon
[root@rac1 ~]# crsctl stat res
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4000: Command Status failed, or completed with errors.

gpnptool命令获取asm disk信息

[root@rac1 ~]# gpnptool get -o-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<gpnp:GPnP-Profile Version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.grid-pnp.org/2005/11/gpnp-profile" 
xmlns:gpnp="http://www.grid-pnp.org/2005/11/gpnp-profile" 
xmlns:orcl="http://www.oracle.com/gpnp/2005/11/gpnp-profile" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.grid-pnp.org/2005/11/gpnp-profile gpnp-profile.xsd" ProfileSequence="4" 
ClusterUId="885339054e904f1dbfa646b41d7a0edb" ClusterName="rac-cluster" PALocation="">
<gpnp:Network-Profile>
<gpnp:HostNetwork id="gen" HostName="*">
<gpnp:Network id="net1" IP="192.168.1.0" Adapter="eth0" Use="public"/>
<gpnp:Network id="net2" IP="10.10.1.0" Adapter="eth1" Use="cluster_interconnect"/>
</gpnp:HostNetwork>
</gpnp:Network-Profile>
<orcl:CSS-Profile id="css" DiscoveryString="+asm" LeaseDuration="400"/>
--重点关注信息(asm disk 信息)
<orcl:ASM-Profile id="asm" DiscoveryString="/dev/oracleasm/disks/*" 
SPFile="+DATA/rac-cluster/asmparameterfile/registry.253.776955291"/>
<ds:Signature xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
<ds:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/>
<ds:Reference URI="">
<ds:Transforms><ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/>
<ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"> 
<InclusiveNamespaces xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#" PrefixList="gpnp orcl xsi"/>
</ds:Transform></ds:Transforms><ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
<ds:DigestValue>T2Q3r+5sER2Rp0VfeqzYh461f2s=</ds:DigestValue>
</ds:Reference>
</ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:SignatureValue>
LwcQEtlsPGfywzdYJrOqiTp4cZNFGB/S9Ts8OCvYOGf/Z8HDT2yN5p2nCuxArUfW+KzaPzPHHihpRVaTcAY31nJ2Rcf2vMqYp4e++shliQXC8mg
1oGxQGifkjZwA4pTTEK5MBmr4FTZnR3VArZjjVfJdsmOMfyH4YeSMU5HPjdA=
</ds:SignatureValue>
</ds:Signature>
</gpnp:GPnP-Profile>
Success.

Error CLSGPNP_NO_DAEMON getting profile.

获得asm spfile信息
通过kfed找磁盘中的kfdhdb.sp|ausize来获得asm spfile相关信息

[root@rac1 ~]# ls /dev/oracleasm/disks/
VOL1  VOL2  VOL3  VOL4
[root@rac1 ~]# kfed dev=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1 op=READ | egrep "kfdhdb.sp|ausize"
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.spfile:                       22 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000016
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        1 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000001
[root@rac1 ~]# kfed dev=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL2 op=READ | egrep "kfdhdb.sp|ausize"
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.spfile:                        0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000
[root@rac1 ~]# kfed dev=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL3 op=READ | egrep "kfdhdb.sp|ausize"
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.spfile:                        0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000
[root@rac1 ~]# kfed dev=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL4 op=READ | egrep "kfdhdb.sp|ausize"
kfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
kfdhdb.spfile:                        0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
kfdhdb.spfflg:                        0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000

这里可以看出来asm spfile信息在磁盘VOL1中,spfile从第22个au开始,1个au(1M).

获得asm spfile 内容

[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1 bs=1M skip=22 count=1 > /tmp/spfile
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1048576 bytes (1.0 MB) copied, 1.47474 seconds, 711 kB/s
[root@rac1 ~]# strings /tmp/spfile
+ASM1.__oracle_base='/u01/app/gridbase'#ORACLE_BASE set from in memory value
+ASM2.asm_diskgroups='XIFENFEI'#Manual Mount
+ASM1.asm_diskgroups='XIFENFEI'#Manual Mount
*.asm_diskstring='/dev/oracleasm/disks/*'
*.asm_power_limit=1
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/gridbase'
*.instance_type='asm'
*.large_pool_size=12M
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

通过对比发现,在asm实例未正常启动的情况下，也可以通过其他方面来获得asm spfile文件.本实验只是对于spfile在asm中位置的定位(大家去猜测11gr2的rac是怎么利用asm 中的spfile启动asm的思路),实际生产环境中请勿模仿,gpnptool命令有较大风险