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标题：SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES参数说明
作者：惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]
一、官方文档说明
作用 Use the parameter SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES to enable one or more authentication services. If authentication has been installed, it is recommended that this parameter be set to either none or to one of the authentication methods. 默认值 None 一般可选值 NONE for no authentication methods. A valid username and password can be used to access the database. ALL for all authentication methods NTS for Windows NT native authentication(An authentication method that enables a client single login access to a Windows NT server and a database running on the server)
为了加深对这几个参数的理解，通过实验证明，这几个参数在不同的系统中的作用
二、win系统
Microsoft Windows [版本 6.1.7601] 版权所有 (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。 C:\Windows\system32>e: E:\>cd E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN #sqlnet.ora文件不存在情况 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>dir sqlnet.ora 驱动器 E 中的卷没有标签。 卷的序列号是 38D0-2A35 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN 的目录 找不到文件 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:13:57 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-01031: 权限不足 请输入用户名: #NTS情况 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS) E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:16:20 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining, Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options #NONE情况 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NONE) E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:17:18 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-01031: 权限不足 请输入用户名: #ALL情况 E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(ALL) E:\oracle\11_2_0\NETWORK\ADMIN>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期五 11月 11 22:18:02 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-12641: 验证服务无法初始化 请输入用户名:
三、linux系统
[oracle@report ~]$ cd /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/ #NTS情况 [oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NTS) [oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:03:51 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. ERROR: ORA-01031: insufficient privileges Enter user-name: #NONE情况 [oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE) [oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:04:31 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. ERROR: ORA-01031: insufficient privileges Enter user-name: #ALL情况 [oracle@report admin]$ more sqlnet.ora SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (ALL) [oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:07 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options #不存在sqlnet.ora文件情况 [oracle@report admin]$ ll sqlnet.ora ls: sqlnet.ora: No such file or directory [oracle@report admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 11 22:05:41 2011 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
四、补充说明
1、在win系统中使用all，提示ORA-12641，不是很清楚原因
2、在nts只有在win系统中有用，linux中无用
3、当不存在sqlnet.ora文件时，linux中可以正常登录，win中不能
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