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作者:惜分飞©版权所有[未经本人同意,不得以任何形式转载,否则有进一步追究法律责任的权利.]
在很多时候,希望给用户最小的权限,让其访问系统数据字典,检查数据库的运行状态。这种事情在乙方的工作中非常常见。下面介绍三种方法处理这个问题
0.select any table权限
这里说明select any table不能直接访问数据字典
SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> create user xff_any identified by xifenfei; User created. SQL> grant connect,select any table to xff_any; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn xff_any/xifenfei Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dba_users; select count(*) from dba_users * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xff; COUNT(*) ---------- 2770
select any table默认情况下,只能访问业务的表,但是不能访问数据字典的数据。所以单纯的这个属性不能满足需求。
1.SELECT ANY DICTIONARY权限
SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> create user xff_DICTIONARY identified by xifenfei; User created. SQL> grant connect to xff_DICTIONARY; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn xff_DICTIONARY/xifenfei Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dba_users; select count(*) from dba_users * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> grant SELECT ANY DICTIONARY to xff_DICTIONARY; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn xff_DICTIONARY/xifenfei Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dba_users; COUNT(*) ---------- 32 SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xff; select count(*) from chf.t_xff * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
这里可以看出SELECT ANY DICTIONARY权限只能访问数据字典,不能访问业务的表,访问业务的表需要另外授权
2.SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE角色
SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> create user xff_CATALOG identified by xifenfei; User created. SQL> grant connect,SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE to xff_CATALOG; Grant succeeded. SQL> conn xff_CATALOG/xifenfei Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dba_users; COUNT(*) ---------- 33 SQL> select count(*) from chf.t_xff; select count(*) from chf.t_xff * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
这里可以看出SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE权限只能访问数据字典,不能访问业务的表,访问业务的表需要另外授权
3.O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY参数
SQL> conn / as sysdba Connected. SQL> create user xff_O7 identified by xifenfei; User created. SQL> grant connect to xff_o7; Grant succeeded. SQL> alter system set O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=true; alter system set O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=true * ERROR at line 1: ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified SQL> alter system set O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY=true scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 368263168 bytes Fixed Size 1345016 bytes Variable Size 306186760 bytes Database Buffers 54525952 bytes Redo Buffers 6205440 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> conn xff_o7/xifenfei Connected. SQL> select count(*) from dba_users; COUNT(*) ---------- 34
这里通过O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY和SELECT ANY TABLE权限,实现访问业务数据和数据字典