如何判断数据文件是否处于begin backup状态

在数据库恢复中,经常会遇到由于某种原因对数据库执行了begin backup,但是没有执行end backup,然后导致库无法启动的例子,那么怎么判断当前的库是存在这种情况呢？有两种方法可以对其进行判断:
1. 通过查询v$backup表来确认

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.4.0      Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ------------
         1 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         2 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 04-JAN-25
         3 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         4 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25

SQL> alter tablespace users begin backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL>  select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ------------
         1 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         2 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 04-JAN-25
         3 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         4 ACTIVE             1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25

SQL>  alter tablespace users end backup;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ------------
         1 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         2 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 04-JAN-25
         3 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         4 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25

v$backup.status=’ACTIVE’表示该文件处于begin backup状态

2. 通过bbed查看kcvfh.kcvfhsta值
确认所有数据文件都没有处于begin backup状态

SQL> select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ------------
         1 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         2 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 04-JAN-25
         3 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         4 NOT ACTIVE         1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25

list内容列表

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ ~]$ cat /home/oracle/list.txt 
         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/system01.dbf
         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/sysaux01.dbf
         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/undotbs01.dbf
         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/xifenfei/users01.dbf

bbed查看kcvfh.kcvfhsta值

[oracle@iZbp11c0qyuuo1gr7j98upZ ~]$ bbed listfile=/home/oracle/list.txt
Password: 

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Sun Feb 9 21:20:15 2025

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> set file 1
        FILE#           1

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x2004 (KCVFHOFZ)

BBED> set file 2
        FILE#           2

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

BBED> set file 3
        FILE#           3

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

BBED> set file 4
        FILE#           4

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

执行database begin backup

SQL> alter database begin backup;

Database altered.

SQL> select * from v$backup;

     FILE# STATUS                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------------------ ---------- ------------
         1 ACTIVE             1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         2 ACTIVE             1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         3 ACTIVE             1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25
         4 ACTIVE             1.1210E+12 09-FEB-25

再次bbed查看kcvfh.kcvfhsta值

BBED> set file 1
        FILE#           1

BBED> p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x2001 (KCVFHHBP)

BBED> set file 2
        FILE#           2

BBED>  p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0001 (KCVFHHBP)

BBED> set file 3
        FILE#           3

BBED>  p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0001 (KCVFHHBP)

BBED> set file 4
        FILE#           4

BBED>  p kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0001 (KCVFHHBP)

对于非system文件kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0×0001表示begin backup状态
对于system文件kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0×2001表示begin backup状态